The 555 timer works in astable mode as shown in Figure 1, The capacitor charges through resistor RA and RB, and discharges through RB.
Figure 1
Figure 2 is the waveform of the output and the voltagge of the capacitor where Ra=5k ohm, Rb=10k ohm, and capacitor=0.01uF.
Figure 2
So the high time (charging the capacitor) is given by:
Where Ln(2)=0.693, And the low time (discharging the capacitor) is given by:
Total period is:
The frequency is:
Input RA, RB C to calculated frequency and period:
Capacitor C | ||
Resistor Ra | ||
Resistor Rb | ||
Output high time T1 | ||
Output low time T2 | ||
Total period T | ||
Oscillate frequency f | ||
Wave duty cycle D |